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Nauset Concepts, LLC is an aggressive, leading-edge start-up company headquartered in Houston , Texas . Nauset Concepts was founded and is operated under tenets of perpetual business innovation, technological advancement and good works. Nauset Concepts holds strongly to its mission and philosophy: exceptional service; unparalleled dedication to its clients and causes; team commitment and empowerment; industry leadership; and advanced design, development, deployment and delivery of technologies.


(1)   Corporate Fact Sheet 

(2)   Outline of Principal Operations

(3)   Philosophy & Mission

(4)   The Team

(a)    Executive Management

(b)   Board of Directors

(c)    Board of Advisors

(5)   History

(a)    The Company 

(b)   The Lighthouses

(i)      Nauset Light

1.      History 

2.      Visit: http://www.nausetlight.org/NLtours.htm

3.      Giving: http://www.nausetlight.org

(ii)    Race Point Light

1.      History 

2.      Visit: http://www.racepointlighthouse.net/

3.      Giving: http://www.racepointlighthouse.net/

(iii)   Highland Light

1.      History  

2.      Visit: http://trurohistorical.org/directions.htm

3.      Giving: http://trurohistorical.org/

(iv)  Monomoy Point Light

1.      History 

2.      Visit: http://monomoy.fws.gov/monomap.html

3.      Giving: http://www.friendsofmonomoy.org/

(v)    Pharos, Lighthouse at Alexandria

1.      History

 

 

(1)   Corporate Fact Sheet

Nauset Concepts, LLC is an aggressive, leading-edge start-up company headquartered in Houston, Texas. Nauset Concepts was founded and is operated under tenets of perpetual business innovation, technological advancement and good works. Nauset Concepts holds strongly to its mission and philosophy: exceptional service; unparalleled dedication to its clients and causes; team commitment and empowerment; industry leadership; and advanced design, development, deployment and delivery of technologies.

 

(2)   Outline of Principal Operations

(3)   Philosophy & Mission

(4)   The Team

(a)    Executive Management

(b)   Board of Directors

(c)    Board of Advisors

(5)   History

(a)    The Company

 

Nauset Concepts, LLC is an aggressive, leading-edge start-up company headquartered in Houston, Texas. Nauset Concepts was founded and is operated under tenets of perpetual business innovation, technological advancement and good works. Nauset Concepts holds strongly to its mission and philosophy: exceptional service; unparalleled dedication to its clients and causes; team commitment and empowerment; industry leadership; and advanced design, development, deployment and delivery of technologies.

 

Nauset Concepts, LLC began as a seed of an idea on Mayflower Beach, in Dennisport, Massachusetts in the summer of 1999. The idea was nurtured and developed in Williamstown, Massachusetts and Houston, Texas; two years and countless hurdles later this idea began to take shape. Nauset Biotechnology Group was formed in Houston in 2001, with an initial focus on developing and providing support for novel biotechnologies and business applications.

 

In late 2002, Nauset Biotechnology Group became NausetBIO, or Nauset Business Innovations and Outsourcing, and merged with the young software and internet design outfit Stratus Designs, then based in Austin, Texas. The Start-up Partners each brought extensive technology start-up company experience to the table, and custom business consulting and internet technology design and support fueled the young company as it began to assess its goals. NausetBIO decided to ply its wares, and entered the marketplace with its consulting and software development services. Soon thereafter, the nascent company was formally organized, and Nauset Concepts, LLC was born.

 

Nauset Concepts, LLC began the early stages of technology development in 2003, and deployed an aggressive development timeline to harness the many anticipated capabilities and utilities of the Nauset Concepts Technology Platform (NCTP). The NCTP draws on the Company’s philosophy of universality, and will revolutionize software, and ultimately all, technologies in the future. The NCTP begins as a limitless repository for information that grows and self-optimizes, stores and accesses, and creates in ways analogous to the human brain. Based on training and understanding of the Neurosciences, Molecular and Cellular Sciences, Computer Sciences, and Social Sciences, the Nauset Concepts, LLC team began design and construction of the NCTP.

 

Nauset Concepts, LLC chose the legal industry as its initial entry market, and has enjoyed unprecedented success and growth in the industry. Race Point Legal was formed to manage Nauset Concepts’ clients and interests in the legal arena, and develops its own products and services. Independent technologies were built as the initial incarnations of the NCTP in the legal industry, and the OnPoint Law Office & Litigation Suite, DISCOVEReASE Protocol for digital discovery, and the Mobile War Room were all pre-released in fully supported live test environments. As Nauset Concepts continued to grow and expand into new industries in 2004, Highland Politics & Policy and Monomoy Multimedia were formed. Highland P&P was quite active throughout the 2004 election cycle, including for high-profile national and state level clients. The surging capacity of Nauset Concepts, LLC in multimedia content, software and hardware technologies ultimately required the organization of Monomoy Multimedia, an outgrowth of early efforts of Stratus Designs, now under the burgeoning auspices of Nauset Concepts, LLC. Monomoy Multimedia, just as the other divisions do, enjoys the oversight, resources and mission of Nauset Concepts, LLC. These technologies are based on or integrated tightly with the NCTP, and Monomoy provides its leading-edge services and support to the other Nauset Concepts, LLC divisions. Corporate structure was further organized to accommodate for immediately anticipated growth, with particular attention paid to the cooperative independence enjoyed by each of the Company’s divisions.

 

Late in 2004, Nauset Concepts organized a non-profit division, Pharos Philanthropy, to coordinate its good works, pro bono and in-kind efforts. Philanthropic, charitable and conservancy efforts are critical to the Nauset Concepts, LLC philosophy, and the Company works actively for a wide array of causes. This commitment to the community at all levels owes not to corporate public image demands but to the very real and genuine dedication on the part of Nauset Concepts, LLC principals. The year also enjoyed the opening of Nauset Concepts’ first regional operations satellite office, Nauset Concepts New England, on Cape Cod, Massachusetts, thereby opening the Northeast corridor to potential clients, customers and development environments. Development of products and services continued, and Nauset Concepts, LLC again assessed its goals in light of the growth and success of the previous year, including a gross revenue increase of 250%. Additionally, Nauset Concepts announced the formation of the Nauset Futures program, which will explore future efforts in advanced technology arenas such as biotechnology (NausetBio) and nanotechnology (NausetNano).

 

At the end of the first quarter in 2005, Nauset Concepts expanded its corporate headquarters. By doubling its operational space, Nauset Concepts is situated to accommodate growth, in terms of personnel, markets and industries, projects and more. The technology asset acquisition plan continues to increase the repertoire of Nauset Concepts, LLC divisions, and the continued development of the NCTP.

 

In 2005, Nauset Concepts, LLC and its subsidiaries and divisions anticipate continued exponential growth. Further efforts will be made, stronger strategic partnerships forged, more customers acquired, and new products and services released in all of Nauset Concepts’ current operating industries. Because Nauset Concepts, LLC expects to see such remarkable growth, the Company will likely seek funding for further expansion throughout the coming year. Investor programs have been established, and a comprehensive marketing platform will be launched late in 2005. Each division looks forward to continued growth, in terms of size, revenue, and product and service offering, independently and cooperatively. Highland Politics & Policy also looks forward to the mid-term election cycle for further deployment of its consulting, design and technology services, and its P2 Political Software Suite.

 

 

(b)   The Lighthouses

(i)      Nauset Light

1.      History

 

The Town of Eastham was settled in 1644 as Nauset. It was on the beach at Eastham that Henry Beston built and lived in a shack he called the "Fo'castle," where he wrote his classic book, The Outermost House. Eastham's 1793 windmill was built in Plymouth and floated across the bay.

 

In 1836, 21 residents of Eastham wrote to the Boston Marine Society recommending a lighthouse at Nauset Beach on the back shore of Cape Cod, halfway between Highland (Cape Cod) Light in Truro and the twin lights at Chatham.

 

In response to a petition from local citizens, the government decided in 1837 to establish a lighthouse station at Nauset Beach. To differentiate the new station from its neighbors, a unique plan was devised.

Three identical lighthouses were built at Nauset Beach in 1838, a very rare case of "triplet" lighthouses. Winslow Lewis, who consistently underbid his competitors, designed the original three 15-foot brick towers. The lighthouses were built in only 38 days. A one-story keeper's house was also built. The lights were 150 feet apart and exhibited fixed white lights 97 feet above sea level. They quickly acquired the nickname, "Three Sisters of Nauset."

 

Lighthouse Inspector Carpender remarked that a single red light would have been far more economical. Even naturalist Henry David Thoreau found the three lighthouses puzzling, saying "This seems a shiftless and costly way of accomplishing that object." In 1843, Inspector I.W.P. Lewis, nephew of the lighthouses' designer, recommended that the three lights be replaced by a single flashing white light, saying, "The necessity of three lights here, instead of one, is hardly comprehended."

 

Lewis also found shoddy craftsmanship, as the towers had no foundations and had walls filled with sand instead of mortar. Despite these objections, no changes were made to the Three Sisters until 1856, when all three were fitted with sixth order Fresnel lenses. In 1873, fourth order Fresnel lenses were installed. In 1875 a larger, more solid wooden keeper's house was built.

 

Like other lighthouses on Cape Cod, the Three Sisters fought a battle with the forces of erosion. By 1890 the towers stood close to the edge of the bluff. If a three-light station was impractical in 1837, it was even more so in 1892. Still, three new wooden towers were built in 1892, further back from the bluff. These lighthouses received the fourth order Fresnel lenses from the old brick towers. A new oil house was built at the same time.

 

By 1911 the cliff had eroded to within eight feet of the northernmost tower. The Bureau of Lighthouses finally decided to change Nauset to a single light. Two of the lighthouses were removed and the center one was moved back, given a white light flashing three times each ten seconds (a tribute to the Three Sisters) and attached to the keeper's house.

 

In 1918 the defunct towers were bought for $3.50 by the Cummings family of Attleboro, Massachusetts, and incorporated into a summer cottage on Cable Road. The lighthouses each contained an upper and lower bedroom. The cottage was later used as a dance studio.

 

By 1923 the remaining Sister was in poor condition. Meanwhile, Chatham Light was changed from a twin to a single light station. The discontinued twin from Chatham was dismantled, transported to Eastham and installed on a concrete foundation. The new Nauset Light received the fourth order Fresnel lens from the remaining tower of the Three Sisters. Its flashing light was fueled by kerosene.

 

The keeper's house was moved back from the edge of the cliff and placed near the new tower. The last of the Sisters passed into private hands and became the cupola of a residence known as "The Beacon."

By 1975 the National Park Service had purchased the Three Sisters towers. The towers were reunited in their original configuration on Cable Road about 1,800 feet from Nauset Light. The $509,000 restoration was finished in 1989. The National Park site is now open to the public with rangers offering tours from spring to fall.

 

The cast-iron tower from Chatham remained white until 1940, when the top half was painted red. Its image has become a Cape Cod icon, gracing countless calendars and potato chip bags.  

 

Its characteristic was changed to alternating red and white flashes. The old Fresnel lens is now on display at the Cape Cod National Seashore Visitor Center in Eastham.

 

Despite the changes, the tower, with its Italianate detailing, remains one of the most attractive cast-iron lighthouses on the coast, while its former twin in Chatham was drastically altered with the installation of a larger lantern room.

 

The house passed into private hands in 1955. In 1981 it became the home of Mary Daubenspeck, author of Nauset Light: A Personal History. In it she wrote:

 

"Even in a Nor'easter's seventy-knot gusts, when the house ever so slightly flexes beneath my feet, the presence of the Light just beyond the window lends me a powerful sense of security."

 

Erosion continued to plague Nauset Light. In just three years, from 1991 to 1994, 30 feet of the cliff disappeared just east of the lighthouse. In particular, the "No-Name" storm of October 1991 washed great chunks from the cliff and destroyed the stairs to the beach below.

 

In 1993 the Coast Guard proposed the decommissioning of the lighthouse. Hundreds of letters poured into the Boston Coast Guard headquarters requesting that the lighthouse be moved inland and saved. The Nauset Light Preservation Society was formed, spearheaded by local residents Bill Burt, Hawkins Conrad and Harold Jennings, among many others. Jennings was an Eastham resident who had grown up at the lighthouse station on Lovells Island in Boston Harbor. An open house was held at Nauset Light near Christmas 1993, and Jennings greeted visitors in his father's 1939 Lighthouse Service uniform. On April 17, 1995, the Coast Guard granted the Nauset Light Preservation Society a five-year lease for the lighthouse.

In April 1996 a new site was agreed on for the lighthouse, which stood only 43 feet from the edge of the bluff. The move was funded by a $300,000 federal grant and over $30,000 from the Nauset Light Preservation Society, much of it raised by selling souvenirs from the station's garage.

 

The move of the 90-ton tower finally commenced on November 16, 1996. By this time the lighthouse was only 35 feet from the edge. The same team of International Chimney Co. and Expert House Movers that had moved Truro's Highland Light and Block Island's Southeast Light again pulled off a flawless relocation. Hundreds of people crowded the area as the lighthouse was pulled across the street to its new site.

On November 18 the lighthouse was above its new footing 336 feet from its old site. Over the winter months a two-course brick foundation was built between the footing and concrete base. The exterior was renovated and painted, and a new exterior railing was installed.

 

Nauset Light has been relighted as a private aid to navigation. On May 10, 1997, 2,000 supporters watched as four switches on a board were wired to the light and flipped simultaneously by Captain Robert Duncan of the U.S. Coast Guard, Pam Nobili, Vice President of the Nauset Light Preservation Society, Maria Burks, Superintendent of Cape Cod National Seashore, and U.S. Representative William Delahunt. After the relighting ceremony, Hawkins Conrad, president of the Nauset Light Preservation Society said, "The emotions felt as we threw the switch were overwhelming. So much accomplished in four years."

 

Mary Daubenspeck donated the house and the existing site to the National Park Service. $200,000 in government funds was awarded for moving the keeper's house, renovations to the lighthouse and oil house, and for landscaping and maintenance of the site. On October 27, 1998, the house was moved to a new foundation near the lighthouse. Mary Daubenspeck died in New Hampshire in March 2001.

 

Nauset Light and the Three Sisters are easily accessible by car, with a large parking lot close by. For more information or to help with the ongoing preservation of Nauset Light, contact:

 

Nauset Light Preservation Society
P.O. Box 941
Eastham, MA 02642

 

2.      Visit: http://www.nausetlight.org/NLtours.htm

3.      Giving: http://www.nausetlight.org

(ii)    Race Point Light

1.      History

Race Point's name comes from the strong cross current, known as a "race," that made this area a nightmare for mariners. Before the construction of the Cape Cod Canal in 1914, every vessel traveling between Boston and points south had to negotiate the treacherous bars near Race Point at the northern tip of Cape Cod. Countless wrecks occurred in the area through the 18th century, including that of the British frigate Somerset.

 

As early as 1808 the people of Provincetown asked for a lighthouse at Race Point. Race Point Light was first lighted on November 5, 1816. It was Cape Cod's third lighthouse station after Highland Light and Chatham's twin lights. The rubblestone tower's light was 25 feet above sea level and was one of the earliest revolving lights in an attempt to differentiate it from other lighthouses on Cape Cod.

 

Over the next few decades a sizeable fishing community and a saltworks grew up at Race Point. The little community, known as "Helltown," was even declared a separate school district in the 1830s.

 

A tremendous storm swept Cape Cod in October 1841. Provincetown's neighbor, Truro, lost seven vessels and 57 men in the storm. Only two crews from Truro survived. Captain Matthias Rich spent twelve hours lashed to the wheel and managed to bring his schooner Water Witch into Herring Cove near Race Point.

I.W.P. Lewis inspected Race Point Light in 1842. He recognized the light's importance, but found reason to be critical:

 

"The light is useful to all vessels leaving Boston, and bound to the eastward, or round the cape, through the South channel; and also as a point of departure for Provincetown harbor, as well as Boston. Its illuminating power is, however, so weak that when a fleet of fishermen are anchored in Herring cove, close by, a stranger would hardly be able to distinguish it from the lights set on board these vessels. A reciprocating light of one good lamp and suitable reflector would be much more efficient than the present apparatus with ten lamps."

 

The original lighting system had been devised by I.W.P. Lewis' uncle, Winslow Lewis. The younger Lewis also reported that the tower was leaky and had no foundation. The keeper's house, he said, was "in very good repair, and most neatly kept."

 

In 1852 a fog bell was installed at Race Point. Three years later a fourth order Fresnel lens was installed in the tower. In the 1870s the bell was replaced by a steam-driven fog signal housed in a new building. A second keeper's dwelling was built in 1874.

 

In 1875 it was reported that the original lime mortar in the tower had disappeared and the lighthouse had been covered with shingles in an attempt to stop leaks. The shingles and the wooden stairs inside had become rotten and the tower needed rebuilding.

 

In 1876 the old stone tower was replaced by a 45-foot cast-iron lighthouse, lined with brick. The Fresnel lens was moved to the new tower and the characteristic was changed from a flash to a fixed light. It appears that the original keeper's house was torn down around this time and a new dwelling was built. A water cistern was added in 1877.

 

The fishing settlement at Race Point dwindled later in the 19th century. Three keepers and their families lived at the lighthouse in the two separate keeper's houses. The children had to walk two and a half miles across soft sand to school each day. In the 1930s a keeper named James Hinckley made the trip much quicker by customizing a Ford into an early dune buggy. The trip that took 75 minutes on horseback was shortened to 30 minutes.

 

Race Point is one of the windiest places on the coast. Keeper Hinckley wrote:

 

"The wind often touches a mile a minute. Some of the gusts will blow you several feet, and it's hard going. The sand is bad enough, cutting into your skin, but a combination of sand and snow is almost unbearable."

On the occasion of his retirement at the age of 70, Keeper Hinckley expressed the opinion that the government should pay a pension to lighthouse keeper's wives, who "do just as much as the men."

  

In 1957 Race Point Light was electrified. Three years later the larger Gothic Revival keeper's house was torn down and the other house was modernized. The light was automated in 1972. The Fresnel lens has been removed; there is now a solar powered VRB-25 optic. The keeper's house remained boarded up for more than 20 years after the Coast Guard left.

 

In 1995 the surrounding property, including the keeper's house and oil house, was leased to the American Lighthouse Foundation. International Chimney, the same company that has moved three New England lighthouses, repaired the roof of the keeper's house and rebuilt the chimney. Contractor Richard Davidson of Onset did a great deal of work on the interior and exterior.

 

Volunteers renovated the interior, and the five-bedroom keeper's house opened for overnight stays. The building now has heat, hot water, flush toilets, refrigeration and a gas stove. "This is not a bed and breakfast by any means," Jim Walker, the chairman of the Cape Cod Chapter of the American Lighthouse Foundation, told the Cape Cod Times. Guests must bring their own bedding and the kitchen is shared with other guests.

Jim Walker reported a mystery in 1996. An American flag appeared on a temporary flag pole, put there by an unknown benefactor. The volunteers took the flag in for the winter, and then put it out again in spring. It was shredded in a storm, but again, a new flag mysteriously took its place. Mr. Walker would like to thank the unknown donor.

 

The Center for Coastal Studies, a marine mammal research and educational group, has leased the 1876 fog signal building. After a $45,000 renovation, their new field station was dedicated in June 1999. The station is used as a laboratory for Center for Coastal Studies research, the National Seashore and the Cape Cod Museum of Natural History.

 

The Cape Cod Chapter of the American Lighthouse Foundation raised funds for the installation of a solar electrical system for the keeper's house. Completed and dedicated in October 2003, the system supplemented a diesel engine electrical generating system. On-site demonstrations and tours are planned to show schoolchildren and other visitors to the Cape Cod National Seashore how solar power can supply electric energy to the average family home.

 

You can park at Race Point Beach and walk about 45 minutes (a little over two miles in very soft sand) to the lighthouse. Sunset at Race Point Beach is one of the Cape's most popular spectacles, and at times humpback whales can be seen from the beach. Race Point Light is still an active aid to navigation maintained by the Coast Guard.

 

2.      Visit: http://www.racepointlighthouse.net/

3.      Giving: http://www.racepointlighthouse.net/

(iii)   Highland Light

1.      History

 

A dangerous spot called Peaked Hill Bars, graveyard of many ships, is about a mile northeast of Highland Light. In 1794 Reverend James Freeman, writing for the Massachusetts Historical Society, said that there were more ships wrecked near the eastern shore of Truro than on any other part of Cape Cod. "A light house," he went on to say, "near the Clay Pounds should Congress think proper to erect one, would prevent many of these fatal accidents."

 

The Boston Marine Society also recommended that a lighthouse be built on the Highlands, or Clay Pounds, in North Truro. In 1796 10 acres of land on a high bluff were acquired for $110 from Isaac Small of Truro. Small later became the first keeper of the lighthouse. District Superintendent Benjamin Lincoln explained the choice of a site:

 

"Because the lands here are pretty good and are not so sandy as to be liable to be blown away by the high gales of wind too often experienced on this Cape... As the light-house must be made of wood the soil will be good for its foundation... Fresh water can easily be obtained within the ten acres. The land will summer a cow after a garden shall be taken off for which there is some pretty good land."

 

A 45-foot wooden lighthouse, the 20th in the United States, was built 500 feet from the edge of the bluff in 1797, exhibiting its light from 160 feet above sea level. The lantern held 24 lamps and reflectors, fueled by whale oil.

 

Because of fears that the light might be confused with Boston Light, Highland Light became the first lighthouse in the nation to have a flashing light. A rotating eclipser around the light made it appear to flash when seen from the ocean. The rotation took eight minutes, creating a very slow "flash."

 

The eclipser was removed in 1811, when Highland Light received a new Winslow Lewis system of lamps and reflectors. At this time the height of the tower was reduced by 17 feet and a new lantern, 10 feet high, was installed. Keeper Small complained that the new lamps required "a great deal more attention and time to tend." Winslow Lewis, the designer of the lighting system, criticized Small, saying, "Mr. Small's various pursuits will not allow him to pay any attention to the Light House." Small was replaced as keeper by Constant Hopkins in 1812. Hopkins was nearly 70 years old and lasted less than five years as keeper.

An 1828 report stated that the 1797 wooden lighthouse was "very imperfect -- is easily wracked by the winds, which shakes the lantern so much as to break the glass very frequently." A new brick lighthouse was erected close to the site of the first one in 1831.

 

In 1840 a new lantern was installed, along with a new staircase and windows. A new brick keeper's house was erected the same year.

 

Jesse Holbrook, who became keeper in 1840, reported that when the old stairway was removed from the tower, it was found that "the interior of the wall was filled with rubbish, and the brick work apparently thrown together without any regard to form, there being neither mortar nor bond."

 

According to Dennis L. Noble's Lighthouses and Keepers, preparations were made to install a Fresnel lens in Highland Light in 1840, but Fifth Auditor Stephen Pleasanton halted the work because of high costs. As a result Winslow Lewis' inferior Argand lamp and reflector system remained in use at Highland Light until 1857.

Naturalist and author Henry David Thoreau visited Highland Light several times in the 1850s. Thoreau found the lighthouse "a neat building, in apple pie order." In his book, Cape Cod, he wrote:

 

"The keeper entertained us handsomely in his solitary little ocean house. He was a man of singular patience and intelligence, who, when our queries struck him, rang as clear as a bell in response. The light-house lamp a few feet distant shone full into my chamber, and made it bright as day, so I knew exactly how the Highland Light bore all that night, and I was in no danger of being wrecked... I thought as I lay there, half-awake and half-asleep, looking upward through the window at the lights above my head, how many sleepless eyes from far out on the ocean stream -- mariners of all nations spinning their yarns through the various watches of the night -- were directed toward my couch."

 

One of the worst wrecks near Highland Light was that of the British bark Josephus in 1852. It appeared at first that the entire crew of 16 had died, but Keeper Enoch Hamilton returned hours after the wreck to find that two men had washed ashore and had survived. Hamilton and a companion carried the men to the keeper's house, where they spent the night. One of the survivors, John Jasper, later became the captain of an ocean liner. When his vessel passed Highland Light and Keeper Hamilton, he would dip the flag as a signal of respect.

 

One of the duties of the keeper was to count the vessels passing the light. In one 11 day period in July 1853, Keeper Enoch Hamilton counted 1,200 craft passing his station. As many as 600 vessels were reportedly counted in one day in 1867.

Storms often hit Highland Light with a vengeance. In the 19th century keepers often had to stay in the lantern room all night to keep the glass clear. Other problems plagued the keepers in summer, such as swarms of moths and birds flying straight into the lantern glass.

An 1855 article in the Barnstable Patriot, written by a woman who spent time at the lighthouse, told of an incident in the 1833 keeper's house:

 

"We were all seated cozily for dinner... when just as the hostess had put her fork into as plump a fowl as ever crowed, there came a rattle, a crash, smash and a cloud of dust which rendered all on the opposite side of the table invisible to me... I looked up and lo! The cause of the catastrophe! A part of the ceiling had fallen down over our devoted board and heads. It was not the first time the ceiling had acted so, I was told, as on a former occasion it had descended and Mrs. Small had patched the chasm with a newspaper."

The main keeper's dwelling was rebuilt soon after this incident, in 1856. A new Highland Light was built in 1857 for $15,000, equipped with a first order Fresnel lens from Paris. This powerful light made Highland Light, the highest on the New England mainland, one of the coast's most powerful lights. Highland Light was for many years the first glimpse of America seen by many immigrants from Europe.

 

Further testifying to its importance, the new lighthouse was assigned a keeper and two assistants. The station also received a coal-burning Daboll fog signal, powerful enough to cut through the frequent thick fog.

 

Isaac M. Small, whose grandfather was the first keeper and owned the land the first lighthouse was built on, wrote a booklet in 1891 called Highland Light: This Book Tells You All About It.

Small wrote about the daily life of the keepers:

 

"The lives of the keepers are somewhat monotonous, though relieved in a measure during the summer months by visits of many pilgrims to this attractive Mecca.

 

"The routine of their duties is regular and systematic. Promptly, one half hour before sunset the keeper whose watch it may be at the time repairs to the tower and makes preparations for the lighting of the lamps. At the moment the sun drops below the western horizon the light flashes out over the sea; the little cog wheels begin their revolutions; the tiny pumps force the oil up to the wicks and the night watch has begun. At 8 o'clock the man who has lighted the lamp is relieved by No. 2, who in turn is also relieved at midnight by No. 3, No. 1 again returning to duty at 4 a.m. As the sun shows its first gleam above the edge of the eastern sea the machinery is stopped and the light is allowed to gradually consume the oil remaining in the wicks and go out. This occurs in about fifteen minutes. As night comes on again No. 2 is the man to light the lamp, the watches are changed at 8, 12 and 4, and so go on as before night after night."

 

Small also made a plea on behalf of the keepers:

 

"It is written somewhere that keepers must not accept tips from people who visit the light, but of course it does not really mean that, but should be understood that keepers should not solicit tips. When you have climbed to the top floor of that winding stair, and then have reached the ground again, and you are pretty nearly out of breath and exclaim, "My, but that was some climb," you would appreciate the feelings and condition of the keeper who had gone up and down some twenty times during the day. No law requires them to do this, but out of courtesy and your enjoyment they make the trips. Think it over and decide whether you would like to change places with them."

One of the worst storms in New England history struck on November 26, 1898. The storm was later dubbed the Portland Gale after the steamer Portland, lost with nearly 200 passengers in Massachusetts Bay. At about 10 p.m. on the night of the storm the wind indicator at Highland Light was demolished with wind speeds reaching over 100 miles per hour. A short time later the windows in the lantern were blown out and the light went out. The storm lasted 36 hours, and gradually wreckage from the Portland washed up along Cape Cod's back shore.

 

A Naval radio station was located at Highland Light in 1904. The station assumed great importance during World War I and was guarded by a detachment of Marines. An even larger Fresnel lens, floating on a bed of mercury, was installed in 1901. After an electric light was put inside this lens in 1932, the light became the coast's most powerful. The 4,000,000 candlepower light could be seen for 45 miles, and reportedly as far as 75 miles in clear weather. The giant lens was removed in the early 1950s, replaced by modern aerobeacons. When the Fresnel lens was removed it was destroyed. A fragment is on display in the museum at the lighthouse. Highland Light was automated in 1986, but the station's radio beacon remained in service and the keeper's dwelling continued to be used as Coast Guard housing. In 1961 the Coast Guard had destroyed the assistant keeper's house and replaced it with a new duplex.

There has been debate over the years about whether or not Highland Light was ever moved in the 19th century. Isaac M. Small stated in his booklet, "The present tower stands upon the EXACT SPOT WHERE THE ORIGINAL TOWER STOOD, IT WAS NEVER MOVED OR THE LOCATION CHANGED." Case closed.

 

 

When the first lighthouse was built in 1797, it was over 500 feet from the edge of the 125 foot cliff. The cliff continued to erode at a rate of at least three feet a year until, by the early 1990s, the present lighthouse stood just over a hundred feet from the edge. In 1990 alone 40 feet were lost just north of the lighthouse.

A group within the Truro Historical Society began raising funds for the moving of Highland Light. Gordon Russell, president of both the Truro Historical Society and the Save the Light Committee, said that he and other volunteers sent out 30,000 brochures and collected 140,000 signatures on a petition. Local residents and tourists made donations and bought t-shirts and other souvenirs, and the Society raised over $150,000. In 1996 this money was combined with $1 million in federal funds and $500,000 in state funds to pay for the move of the 404-ton lighthouse to a site 450 feet back from its former location.

The operation got underway in June 1996, under the direction of International Chimney Corp. of Buffalo, with the help of subcontractor Expert House Moving of Maryland, the same companies responsible for the successful move of Block Island Southeast Light in 1993. Thousands of sightseers gathered to catch a glimpse of the rare move. The foundation of the lighthouse was excavated and four levels of criss-crossing beams were inserted beneath the tower. The entire structure was lifted with hydraulic jacks and mounted on rollers, then set on rails. The move took 18 days. It appeared to go smoothly, but consultant Peter Friesen said, "The other one behaved better than this one," referring to Block Island Southeast Light. During the move workers placed quarters on the beams. The coins, flattened by the lighthouse, were later auctioned off for as high as $57, with the money going to the Truro Historical Society.

 

The relocated lighthouse stands close to the seventh fairway of the Highland Golf Links, prompting some to declare it the world's first life-sized miniature golf course. "We'll get a windmill from Eastham and put it on number one," joked the club's greenskeeper. After an errant golf ball broke a pane in the lantern room, new unbreakable panes were installed.

 

On Sunday, November 3, 1996 Highland Light was relighted in its new location. Over 200 people toured the tower's interior before the relighting ceremony. The Highland Light Bagpipe Band performed in full regalia, and Congressman Gerry Studds, an important proponent of the move, spoke to the assembled crowd. "While this light may not save lives," said Studds, "it will inspire lives for a long time to come."

In the summer of 1998 Highland Light was opened for visitors, with volunteers giving tours. A gift shop is in the keeper's house, and there are plans to install historical exhibits. Highland Light is now operated by Highland Museum and Lighthouse, Inc., under a National Park Service Concession contract. The lighthouse is open daily, mid-May through October.

 

In April 2001 the lighthouse got a needed facelift. The job performed by Campbell Construction of Beverly, Massachusetts entailed sandblasting the lead paint from the interior of the lantern room and the tower's stairs, removing rust from the exterior iron work and replacing some railing sections as well as rusted iron panels. Some cracks in the iron work were welded with certanium. A new window was installed, and some of the brick work on the ocean-facing side of the tower had to be replaced. The interior of the lantern room and the stairs were repainted, as was the entire exterior of the tower. In addition, a new ventilation system was installed, which will make visits to the lantern room more comfortable in summer.

 

Highland Light is easy to drive to, but keep in mind that the signs say "Cape Cod Light." This became the official name in 1976, but to most New Englanders it's always been Highland Light.

 

2.      Visit: http://trurohistorical.org/directions.htm

3.      Giving: http://trurohistorical.org/

(iv)  Monomoy Point Light

1.      History

 

Monomoy was once a peninsula extending southward from Chatham at the elbow of Cape Cod's curling arm. It is now two islands, North Monomoy and South Monomoy. For a thousand years or more before the arrival of Europeans, Monomoy was used by the Monomoiyicks tribe as a summer base for shellfishing and hunting.

 

The area was long a graveyard for vessels. South of Monomoy is Pollock Rip, a region of unusually strong tidal currents. A lightship was stationed at Pollock Rip for many years. It was the treacherous shoals and currents near Monomoy that caused the Pilgrims to enter Cape Cod Bay and settle at Plymouth instead of continuing south to Virginia.

 

In the early 19th century a settlement grew up at Monomoy, centered around the fishing industry. The community, which became known as Whitewash Village, reached its apex around 1850. As traffic in the area increased a lighthouse became a necessity.

 

Cape Cod's fifth lighthouse was built for $3,000 in 1823 at Monomoy Point, also called Sandy Point, eight miles from Chatham near the southern end of the peninsula. Like many early lighthouses in the area, it was a Cape Cod style light with a wooden tower and iron lantern room on the roof of a brick keeper's house. The lantern held eight lamps with 13-inch reflectors.

 

Inspector I.W.P. Lewis visited in 1842 and called Monomoy "one of the most important locations on the coast of the United States. Thousands of vessels pass here annually, amid the numerous and very dangerous shoals that obstruct the navigation." Keeper Solomon Doane complained that the roof leaked where it joined the tower, and that the "lantern has been so much racked by storms that it shakes so as to break the glass continually... The lantern leaks very badly in all wet weather, and is entirely out of repair." Lewis recommended that the whole establishment be rebuilt.

 

The present cast-iron brick-lined tower was built in 1849, placing among the earliest cast-iron lighthouses in America ( Boston's Long Island Head and Vermont's Juniper Island were among the earlier ones). An 1850 inspection reported:

 

"This is a new establishment altogether -- an iron light-house, a wooden dwelling, and a new fashionable apparatus. The workmanship to the light-house, I presume, is good, but it is neither large enough, nor high enough, nor stiff enough; for I can take hold with one hand of any part of the lantern and shake it to such a degree as to break the tube glasses on the lamps."

In 1857 the lighthouse received a fourth order Fresnel lens.

 

Monomoy was an extremely isolated station, but the keepers and families had plenty to eat, with fish, lobster, clams and waterfowl all in abundant supply. In later years one resourceful keeper converted his Model T Ford into an early dune buggy, making the trip by land to Chatham much faster.

 

In 1872 two Lifesaving Stations were built on Monomoy. The crews stayed busy as wrecks continued in the area. In 1902 seven men died attempting to save the crew of a schooner-barge. Often the lighthouse keepers were the first to spot wrecks and would notify the lifesaving crews.

 

In 1872 the Lighthouse Board recommended that Monomoy be upgraded to a second order light, saying, "...nearly all vessels (both steamers and sailing) plying between New York and the eastern ports pass this point, and have no other guide than the lightships, which cannot be seen a sufficient distance, it is considered a matter of the greatest importance that this light should be replaced by one of sufficient power to guide vessels safely through this intricate passage..." Despite this plea, Monomoy Light was not upgraded.

 

The lighthouse was painted red in 1882, making it more visible by day. In 1892 iron trusses were added to the tower to prevent vibration.

 

James P. Smith, a native of Copenhagen, became keeper in 1899. His wife died early in his stay at Monomoy, but Keeper Smith had three daughters who assisted him in his duties. The oldest daughter, Annie, acted as housekeeper and tended the light when her father was away. In 1904 a reporter asked the Smith sisters if life at the lighthouse was lonely. Annie replied, "Oh, no! We don't have time to be lonesome. There is always something to do, with the housekeeping and the light."

 

In February 1902 Keeper Smith and his daughters recovered the body of a Nova Scotia fisherman from the wrecked vessel Elsie M. Smith. The man's clothes had filled with sand, and Emma Smith said that he must have weighed 300 pounds. It took Keeper Smith and daughters Annie and Emma to pull the body from the surf.

 

With the opening of the Cape Cod Canal in 1914 and an increase in the power of Chatham Light, Monomoy Light was considered expendable. The light was discontinued in 1923 and the property passed into private hands.

 

The first private owner was George Bearse. When he came to visit the property he was surprised to find that Navy planes had been using it for machine-gunning target practice. One bullet had come through a wall of the keeper's house and knocked out a rung on a rocking chair; another had lodged itself in a four by four beam.

 

In 1964 the Massachusetts Audubon Society restored the lighthouse and keeper's house. In 1988 Massachusetts Senator Edward M. Kennedy helped secure a federal grant for further refurbishing, a project initiated by the Lighthouse Preservation Society.

 

The infamous Blizzard of 1978 cut Monomoy into two islands, North and South Monomoy. Today both islands are managed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. South Monomoy is a birdwatcher's mecca, with over 300 species spotted in recent years. Gray seals, rare in New England, have been breeding on South Monomoy.

 

Courtesy www.lighthouse.cc. All rights

 

2.      Visit: http://monomoy.fws.gov/monomap.html

3.      Giving: http://www.friendsofmonomoy.org/

(v)    Pharos, Lighthouse at Alexandria

1.      History

Sostratus, the son of Dexiphanes, the Cnidian, dedicated this to the Saviour Gods, on behalf of those who sail the seas.

With accounts that date back to earliest recorded history, Egypt was a center of wealth, trade and commerce. Early mariners would approach the double harbor of Alexandria with great anticipation, but also with much fear as the unpredictable coastline posed great risk. Dividing the two harbors was the ancient island of Pharos, connected to the mainland by a narrow strip of land.

The great Pharaoh Ptolemy Soter conceived the idea for a massive monument on Pharos that would be lighted by the sun and mirrors during the day, and illuminated by fires at night. He commanded the architect Sostratus to orchestrate the building of a colossal lighthouse.

Completed in 270 B.C. using a massive labor force, the tower reached a height of 384 feet, equivalent to a 40-story modern building. Encased in fine white marble, the beacon’s summit was topped with a magnificent statue, most likely of Poseidon, the Lord of the seas. As the tallest building on Earth, the Lighthouse of Alexandria was illuminated by fire and its flame magnified by a mysterious mirror. The mirror, possibly made of polished bronze, was said to have reflected light more than 35 miles offshore. Because of the desert landscape and barren foliage, some speculate that the flame was fueled by oil, which would have been carried up the maze of ramps and staircases inside the tower by beasts of burden and on the backs of strong laborers.

In AD 1303, a violent earthquake shook the ground beneath Pharos, cracking the massive structure. Followed by an equally destructive quake twenty years later, the lighthouse crumbled into ruins. Many of the massive stones fell into the harbor. Later, an Egyptian Sultan, Qaitbay, used the remaining stone and marble to erect a medieval fort on the site, eradicating the former lighthouse.

Pharos was so famous, that the term means 'lighthouse' in many languages. Thus, the study of lighthouses became 'Pharology'. A tribute to its exceptional architecture, the Pharos Lighthouse guided sailors into the city for 1,500 years and was the last of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World to disappear.

Excavators have found great blocks of stone (weighing 50 to 75 tons) in the harbor that at first appeared to be random pieces, but are now suspected to be from the great Pharos lighthouse. Divers retrieved fragments with detailed markings, hundreds of columns and inscribed blocks from the sea. These are on exhibit at the open-air museum near the Roman amphitheatre in Alexandria.

Egyptian authorities have approved the building of a modern version of Pharos on the same site as the ancient monument. The proposed glass-covered, concrete tower will stand 145 meters high (approximately 475 feet) and will cost $70 million to complete. The glass walls will reflect sunshine during the day and a beacon will cast a light 37 miles out to sea in the dark of night.




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